Compelling Ethical Challenges in Critical Care and Emergency Medicine
https://libcat.nshealth.ca/en/permalink/provcat45529
Andrej Michalsen, Nicholas Sadovnikoff, editors.
--Cham:
Springer
, c2020.
- Available Online
- View e-Book
- Location
- Online
This book addresses the ethical problems that physicians have to face every day while caring for critically ill patients. Advances in medical technology, ageing societies worldwide, and their increased demands on health care systems have, on the one hand, led to better care and remarkable longevity in many parts of the world. On the other hand, however, improved treatments in many medical fields, amongst others in emergency and critical care, have resulted in more patients surviving with reduce…
- Available Online
- View e-Book
- Other Authors
- Michalsen, Andrej
- Sadovnikoff, Nicholas
- Responsibility
- Andrej Michalsen, Nicholas Sadovnikoff, editors
- Place of Publication
- Cham
- Publisher
- Springer
- Date of Publication
- c2020
- Physical Description
- 1 online resource (xix, 170 p.) : 10 illus. in color
- ISBN
- 9783030431273
- 9783030431266 (Print ed.)
- 9783030431280 (Print ed.)
- 9783030431297 (Print ed.)
- Subjects (MeSH)
- Clinical Decision-Making - ethics
- Critical Care - ethics
- Critical Illness
- Emergency Medicine - ethics
- Ethics, Clinical
- Specialty
- Critical Care
- Emergency Medicine
- Ethics
- Abstract
- This book addresses the ethical problems that physicians have to face every day while caring for critically ill patients. Advances in medical technology, ageing societies worldwide, and their increased demands on health care systems have, on the one hand, led to better care and remarkable longevity in many parts of the world. On the other hand, however, improved treatments in many medical fields, amongst others in emergency and critical care, have resulted in more patients surviving with reduced quality of life. This entails tradeoffs for many patients, their families, and the teams caring for them. At the same time, health care expenditures have risen dramatically and have to be balanced against costs for other public goods. Finally, the humane aspects of care have often failed to keep pace with the remarkable technological strides made in recent years. In this book, experts in their respective fields describe compelling ethical challenges resulting from these discrepancies and discuss potential solutions. The book is primarily intended for clinicians who care for two of the most vulnerable patient subpopulations – those being treated in ambulances or emergency rooms, and those being treated at intensive care units – due in part to the fact that they may be temporarily or permanently incapacitated. Core medical skills, such as diagnosis and predicting outcomes, as well as implementing treatment, remain challenging. However, without adequate communication and collaboration both within the inter-professional treatment teams and between the teams and the patients/their families, delivering excellent care is difficult at best. Therefore, the so-called “soft skills” are given the attention they deserve in order to overcome the gap between technological progress and interpersonal standstill.
- Contents
- Part I. Introduction -- 1. How Ethics Can Support Clinicians Caring for Critically Ill Patients -- 2. Patients and Teams Caring for Them: Parallels Between Critical Care and Emergency Medicine -- Part II. Goal of Therapy, Teams and Patients -- 3. Indication and Prognostication -- 4. Consent, Advance Directives, and Decision by Proxies -- 5. Cultural Diversity -- 6. Interprofessional Shared Decision-Making -- 7. Shared Decision-Making With Patients and Families -- Part III. Extent of Treatment -- 8. Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Triage -- 9. Usage of Cutting-Edge Technology: ECPR -- 10. Usage of Cutting-Edge Technology: ECMO -- 11. Limiting Life-Sustaining Therapies -- 12. Advancing Palliative Care in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine -- 13. Organ Donation and Transplantation -- Part IV. Disproportionate Care -- 14. Disproportionate Care, Ethical Climate, and Moral Distress -- Part V. The Way Ahead -- 15. To Treat or Not to Treat: How to Arrive at an Appropriate Decision Under Critical Circumstances -- Part VI. Epilogue -- 16. Epilogue: Critical Care During a Pandemic – A Shift from Deontology to Utilitarianism?
- Format
- e-Book
- Location
- Online
Health Without Borders : Epidemics in the Era of Globalization
https://libcat.nshealth.ca/en/permalink/provcat41694
Paolo Vineis.
--Cham:
Springer
, 2017.
- Available Online
- View e-Book
- Location
- Online
This book discusses globalization and its impact on human health. The population of the world grew from 1 billion in 1800 to 7 billion in 2012, and over the past 50 years the mean temperature has risen faster than ever before. Both factors continue to rise, as well as health inequalities. Our environment is changing rapidly, with tremendous consequences for our health. These changes produce complex and constantly varying interactions between the biosphere, economy, climate and human health, for…
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- Author
- Vineis, Paolo
- Responsibility
- Paolo Vineis
- Place of Publication
- Cham
- Publisher
- Springer
- Date of Publication
- 2017
- Physical Description
- 1 online resource (xv, 108 pages)
- ISBN
- 9783319524467
- 9783319524450 (print ed.)
- Subjects (MeSH)
- Environment
- Epidemics
- Global Health
- Health Status Disparities
- Internationality
- Public Health
- Socioeconomic Factors
- Abstract
- This book discusses globalization and its impact on human health. The population of the world grew from 1 billion in 1800 to 7 billion in 2012, and over the past 50 years the mean temperature has risen faster than ever before. Both factors continue to rise, as well as health inequalities. Our environment is changing rapidly, with tremendous consequences for our health. These changes produce complex and constantly varying interactions between the biosphere, economy, climate and human health, forcing us to approach future global health trends from a new perspective. Preventive actions to improve health, especially in low-income countries, are essential if our future is going to be a sustainable one. After a period of undeniable improvement in the health of the world's population, this improvement is likely to slow down and we will experience--at least locally--crises of the same magnitude as have been observed in financial markets since 2009. There is instability in health systems, which will worsen if preventive and buffering mechanisms do not take on a central role. We cannot exclude the possibility that the allied forces of poverty, social inequalities, climate change, industrial food and lack of governance will lead to a deterioration in the health of large sectors of the population. In low-income countries, while many of the traditional causes of death (infectious diseases) are still highly prevalent, other threats typical of affluent societies (obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases) are increasing. Africa is not only affected by malaria, TB and HIV, but also by skyrocketing rates of cancer. The book argues that the current situation requires effective and coordinated multinational interventions guided by the principle of health as a common good. An entirely competition-driven economy cannot--by its very nature--address global challenges that require full international cooperation. A communal global leadership is called for. Paolo Vineis is Chair of Environmental Epidemiology at Imperial College. His current research activities focus on examining biomarkers of disease risk as well as studying the effects of climate change on non-communicable diseases. "From morality to molecules, environment to equity, climate change to cancer, and politics to pathology, this is a wonderful tour of global health: consistently presented in a clear, readable format. Really, an important contribution." Professor Sir Michael Marmot Director, Institute of Health Equity University College London Author of "The Health Gap". "This book is a salutary and soundly argued reminder that the "common good" is not simply what remains after individuals and groups have appropriated the majority of societal resources: it is in fact the foundation on which any society rests and without which it collapses." Rodolfo Saracci Senior Visiting Scientist International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
- Contents
- 1. The Double Debt: Economic and Environmental -- 2. An Overview of What Global Health Is -- 3. Food -- 4. Climate Change -- 5. The Environment -- 6. The Economic Crisis -- 7. Cancer: A Time Bomb in Poor Countries -- 8. The Epigenetic Landscape -- 9. The Political Choices -- 10. Public Health as a Common Good.
- Format
- e-Book
- Location
- Online
Ophthalmology in Military and Civilian Casualty Care
https://libcat.nshealth.ca/en/permalink/provcat44670
Christopher J. Calvano, Robert W. Enzenauer, Anthony J. Johnson, editors.
--Cham:
Springer
, c2019.
- Available Online
- View e-Book
- Location
- Online
Trauma to the eye and associated structures account for a significant number of combat-related injuries, and combat ocular trauma has steadily risen in frequency over the last century. Ophthalmology in Military and Civilian Casualty Care comprehensively examines the accommodations and modifications that must be made in order to treat such ocular traumas in a military setting. Created by ophthalmology experts actively serving in the military at various levels, this book is designed to improve op…
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- Other Authors
- Calvano, Christopher J.
- Enzenauer, Robert W.
- Johnson, Anthony J.
- Responsibility
- Christopher J. Calvano, Robert W. Enzenauer, Anthony J. Johnson, editors
- Place of Publication
- Cham
- Publisher
- Springer
- Date of Publication
- c2019
- Physical Description
- 1 online resource (xiv, 278 p.) : 163 illus., 119 illus. in color
- ISBN
- 9783030144371
- 9783030144357 (Print ed.)
- 9783030144364 (Print ed.)
- Subjects (MeSH)
- Eye Injuries - therapy
- Military Medicine
- Specialty
- Disaster Medicine
- Military Medicine
- Ophthalmology
- Abstract
- Trauma to the eye and associated structures account for a significant number of combat-related injuries, and combat ocular trauma has steadily risen in frequency over the last century. Ophthalmology in Military and Civilian Casualty Care comprehensively examines the accommodations and modifications that must be made in order to treat such ocular traumas in a military setting. Created by ophthalmology experts actively serving in the military at various levels, this book is designed to improve ophthalmic casualty outcomes across military settings. A history of military ophthalmology serves as the opening chapter, setting the stage for subsequent chapters examining the intricacies and advancements of damage control ophthalmology, prehospital care of combat eye injuries, neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of trauma, and further severe ocular conditions. Later chapters explore the preventative and proactive efforts to reduce and treat combat-related ocular trauma by developing “eye armor” for the American infantry and military-affiliated ophthalmic surgical missions. Complete with high-quality color illustrations and figures, this unique book will serve as an invaluable, practical reference for military physicians, military ophthalmologists, ophthalmology professors, residents, and fellows interested in combat medicine and eye trauma.
- Contents
- Part I. Ophthalmic Considerations -- 1. History of Military Ophthalmology -- 2. Damage Control Ophthalmology -- 3. Damage Control Ophthalmology: Emergency Department Considerations -- 4. Damage Control Ophthalmology: Anesthesia Considerations -- 5. Diagnostic Imaging Considerations in Damage Control Ophthalmology -- 6. Damage Control Surgery: Blast—Anterior Segment Trauma -- 7. Posterior Segment -- 8. Traumatic Glaucoma -- 9. Periocular and Orbital Trauma -- 10. Neuro-Ophthalmic Manifestations of Trauma -- 11. Pediatric Ophthalmology -- 12. Uveitis -- Part II. Special Considerations -- 13. Prehospital Care of Combat Eye Injuries -- 14. Ocular Toxicology in Military and Civilian Disaster Environments -- 15. Winning the Hearts and Minds: Ophthalmology -- 16. Eye Armor -- 17. Humanitarian Missions -- Appendix: Suturing 101.
- Format
- e-Book
- Location
- Online
Precision in Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine : A Clinical and Research Guide
https://libcat.nshealth.ca/en/permalink/provcat44843
Jose L. Gomez, Blanca E. Himes, Naftali Kaminski, editors.
--Cham:
Humana Press
, c2020.
- Available Online
- View e-Book
- Location
- Online
This book serves as the primary reference for precision medicine in the fields of pulmonary, critical care and sleep medicine by documenting principles written by experts in several aspects of precision medicine. It combines fundamental concepts of the field with state-of-the-art studies and how they translate into individual preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic plans. Precision medicine is focused on the integration of individual variability with disease prevention and treatment principles d…
- Available Online
- View e-Book
- Other Authors
- Gomez, Jose L.
- Himes, Blanca E.
- Kaminski, Naftali
- Responsibility
- Jose L. Gomez, Blanca E. Himes, Naftali Kaminski, editors
- Place of Publication
- Cham
- Publisher
- Humana Press
- Date of Publication
- c2020
- Physical Description
- 1 online resource (xv, 441 p.) : 71 illus., 63 illus. in color
- Series Title
- Respiratory medicine
- ISBN
- 9783030315078
- 9783030315061 (Print ed.)
- 9783030315085 (Print ed.)
- 9783030315092 (Print ed.)
- ISSN
- 2197-7372
- Subjects (MeSH)
- Critical Care
- Precision Medicine
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Sleep Medicine Specialty
- Abstract
- This book serves as the primary reference for precision medicine in the fields of pulmonary, critical care and sleep medicine by documenting principles written by experts in several aspects of precision medicine. It combines fundamental concepts of the field with state-of-the-art studies and how they translate into individual preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic plans. Precision medicine is focused on the integration of individual variability with disease prevention and treatment principles derived from population studies. This concept has risen to prominence in recent years in parallel with advances in genetics, molecular diagnostics and novel target-specific therapies. This fundamental shift in the approach to treatment has broad implications in how we prevent, diagnose and treat disease. Describing key concepts of precision medicine and relating these to pulmonary, critical care and sleep disorders is essential to educate relevant stakeholders and increase the impact of pulmonary precision medicine. The book is organized into seven sections: introduction; genetics; biomarkers; precise phenotyping; mobile health, wearables and telemedicine; precision therapeutics; enabling widespread adoption of precision medicine. The chapters are organized with an introduction to the specific theme, followed by its basic concepts. They then delve into how these basic concepts relate to the larger theme of precision medicine, new precision medicine approaches to dealing with these problems, and key takeaway points. Liberally illustrated with images, figures, and tables, the text is thorough and intuitive for clinicians and researchers to learn the processes and applications of precision medicine. This is an ideal guide for clinicians to learn new precision medicine concepts in the fields of genetics, genomics, mobile health, and how they apply to their practice and their patients, as well as researchers seeking a basic understanding of precision medicine to assist in designing future research studies.
- Contents
- Part I. Introduction -- Introduction -- Part II. Genetics -- Differential Diagnosis of Diffuse Pulmonary Disorders Using Genetics -- Genetics and Pharmacogenetics of Asthma -- Genetics and Pharmacogenetics of COPD -- The Evolution of Precision Medicine in Cystic Fibrosis -- Genetics of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis -- Genetics of Lung Cancer -- Part III. Biomarkers -- Chest Imaging for Precision Medicine -- Biobanking for Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine -- Biomarkers in Obstructive Airway Diseases -- Biomarkers in Interstitial Lung Diseases -- Molecular Diagnostics in Pulmonary Infections -- Biomarkers in Critical Care Illness: ARDS and Sepsis -- Part IV. Precise Phenotyping -- Lessons for Precision Medicine from Lung Cancer -- COPD Phenotyping -- Precision Medicine in Pulmonary Hypertension -- Identifying Subtypes of Obstructive Sleep Apnea -- Precision Medicine in Critical Illness: Sepsis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome -- Part V. Mobile Health, Wearables, and Telemedicine -- Mobile Applications and Wearables for Chronic Respiratory Diseases Monitoring -- Personal Environmental Monitoring -- Tele-ICU in Precision Medicine: It’s Not What You Do It’s How You Do It -- Part VI. Precision Therapeutics -- Lung Transplantation and Precision Medicine -- Precision in Mechanical Ventilation -- Precision Medicine for Cigarette Smoking Addiction -- Implementing COPD Precision Medicine in Clinical Practice -- Part VII. Enabling Widespread Adoption of Precision Medicine -- Precision Medicine For All: Minority Health -- Education for the Practice of Precision Medicine in PCCSM: Creating Tomorrow’s Workforce -- Summary and Future Applications of Precision Medicine in Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine.
- Format
- e-Book
- Location
- Online
Weight of Modernity : An Intergenerational Study of the Rise of Obesity
https://libcat.nshealth.ca/en/permalink/provcat31276
Cathy Banwell ... [et al.].
--Dordrecht:
Springer
, c2012.
- Available Online
- View e-Book
- Location
- Online
Over a half of adults in the US, Canada, Australia and numerous European countries are now overweight or obese, a proportion that has risen sharply in the past two decades. Dominant biomedical explanations focus on the energy equation, an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, and remedies focus on motivating individuals to restore the balance by eating better and being more active, or, in extreme cases, surgical intervention. This book offers a perspective that sees increasing obesi…
- Available Online
- View e-Book
- Other Authors
- Banwell, Cathy
- Responsibility
- Cathy Banwell ... [et al.]
- Place of Publication
- Dordrecht
- Publisher
- Springer
- Date of Publication
- c2012
- Physical Description
- 1 online resource (ix, 195 p. : 26 ill.)
- ISBN
- 9789048189571
- Subjects (MeSH)
- Obesity - epidemiology
- Social Conditions - trends
- Subjects (LCSH)
- Public health
- Population
- Abstract
- Over a half of adults in the US, Canada, Australia and numerous European countries are now overweight or obese, a proportion that has risen sharply in the past two decades. Dominant biomedical explanations focus on the energy equation, an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, and remedies focus on motivating individuals to restore the balance by eating better and being more active, or, in extreme cases, surgical intervention. This book offers a perspective that sees increasing obesity as a social phenomenon as well as a public health problem. It contains detailed accounts of three generations of Australians' experiences of changing environments and the emergence of social trends such as increasing availability of convenience foods, the individualisation and commercialisation of leisure, car reliance, and busyness. Participants' narratives are interwoven with sociological and historical analyses of changes to show how contemporary Australians are experiencing and adapting to dramatic socio-cultural and environmental changes that are reshaping their lives and, in many cases, their bodies. The book demonstrates that obesity is an unintended consequence of economic development accompanied by profound socio-cultural changes, and by identifying the key developments the authors propose leverage points. While the research was conducted in Australia, the fundamental drivers of rapid weight gain are equally present in other modern, secular societies.
- Contents
- Chapter 1. The big Australian: obesity in the modern world -- Chapter 2. An intergenerational study design -- Chapter 3. From habit to choice: Transformations in family dining -- Chapter 4. How convenience is shaping Australian diets: The disappearing dessert -- Chapter 5.From social leisure to exhaustion: a tale of two revolutions -- Chapter 6. Fitness marginalises fun and friendship -- Chapter 7. The rise of automobility -- Chapter 8. The weight of time: from full to fragmented in 50 years -- Chapter 9. Social forces shaping life chances and life choices -- Chapter 10. Restoring coherence to a stressed social system.
- Format
- e-Book
- Location
- Online
