Antimicrobial peptides have been the subject of intense research in the past decades, and are now considered as an essential part of the defense system in bacteria, plants, animals and humans. This book provides an update on these effector molecules of the innate immune system both for researchers who are already actively involved in the area, and for those with a general interest in the topic. The book starts with an overview of the evolution of cysteine-containing antimicrobial peptides (inc…
Autophagy principally serves an adaptive function to protect organisms against diverse human pathologies, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Recent developments using in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models show the involvement of the autophagy pathway in immunity and inflammation. Moreover, direct interactions between autophagy proteins and immune signalling molecules have also been demonstrated. Defects in autophagy - similar to cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and aging - through autopha…
Within the central nervous system (CNS) the constantly changing blood stream is separated from the CNS parenchyma by the blood brain barrier (BBB) restricting passage to selected immune cells. Under pathological conditions, however, viruses, bacteria, parasites and autoaggressive immune cells can penetrate the barrier and contribute to CNS inflammation. The BBB actively contributes to neuroinflammation by presentation of chemokines, expression of cell adhesion molecules and alteration of barrie…
This book focuses on the salient features of the biology of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins and the advances in our understanding of their structure and function and of downstream signaling, as well as their governance in systems biology from bone and dentin to kidney, cancer, diabetes, iron homeostasis and angiogenesis, including rare musculoskeletal disorders. BMPs, also referred to as growth and differentiation factors, are members of the TGF-beta superfamily and are highly conserved from fruit …
The knowledge of Th17 cells and other cell populations which secrete IL-17A, and/or IL-22 has expanded tremendously since the publication of the first edition "Th17 Cells: Role in Inflammation and Autoimmune Disease" in 2008. The present volume has been completely revised with the addition of new chapters on the IL-17 receptor family and signaling, and an in-depth review of IL-22 and innate lymphoid cells. The differentiation of naive T cells into regulatory T cells and Th17 cells as well as th…
In Vivo Models of Inflammation provides the biomedical researcher in both the pharmaceutical industry and academia with a description of the state of the art animal model systems used to emulate diseases with components of inflammation. This second edition acts as a complement to the first edition by describing and updating the standard models that are most utilized for specific disease areas. In addition, new models are included exploring emerging areas of inflammation research. The format is …
In Vivo Models of Inflammation provides the biomedical researcher in both the pharmaceutical industry and academia with a description of the state of the art animal model systems used to emulate diseases with components of inflammation. This second edition acts as a complement to the first edition by describing and updating the standard models that are most utilized for specific disease areas. In addition, new models are included exploring emerging areas of inflammation research. The format is …
Oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by lipoxygenases leads to a variety of fatty acid metabolites which play important roles in physiology but also in pathophysiology. Data accumulated during the last decade point to the fact that lipoxygenase metabolites are involved in host defence reactions, cardiovascular system and contribute to the development of inflammatory and allergic diseases, cardiovascular disease and cancer. This PIR volume summarizes the physiological and pathophysiological …
The book serves as a comprehensive resource for scientists and clinicians studying the role of non-coding RNAs in inflammation (viral infections, wound inflammation), human inflammatory diseases (i.e. rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, diabetes), and innate immunity. It provides a universal reference work comprising both basic and specialized information. Given that ncRNAs represent new therapeutic targets, this volume will also be of interest to industrial biomedical researchers and those …
The role of the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the immune response and in the immunopathogenesis of different inflammatory, autoimmune, and infectious disorders is now well-established. Recent studies continue to broaden considerably the role of MIF in both normal physiology and pathology, which range from such diverse areas as oncogenesis, metabolism, and cellular stress responses. MIFÇÖs molecular mechanism of action in these contexts is becoming increasingly underst…
As our understanding of immune mediated chronic inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) grows, it becomes more and more clear that these conditions result from the convergence of a multitude of pathogenic mechanisms whose relative individual contribution is different in different patient subsets. Promising new technologies have been conceived that address the hypotheses that targeting multiple pathways simultaneously, selectively delivering therapeutics to areas of inflammation and/or resetting the immun…