Introduction: First Nations, Metis, and Inuit in Canada: Understanding the Issues - Western and Aboriginal Ways of Knowing - Cultural Competency, Cultural Sensitivity and Cultural Safety - Historical Overview - ABORIGINAL HEALTH AND THE CANADIAN HEALTH CARE SYSTEM - Understanding the Determinants of Health and Canada's Native Population - Diabetes, Diet and Nutrition - Chronic and Infectious Diseases - Women's and Children's Health - Mental Health - Hybridization of Health Care and the Way Forward for Aboriginal Health.