This book is the first full-length study of HIV/AIDS work in relation to government and NGOs. In the early 2000s, Pakistan's response to HIV/AIDS was scaled-up and declared an area of urgent intervention. This response was funded by international donors requiring prevention, care and support services to be contracted out to NGOs: a global policy considered particularly important in Pakistan where the high risk populations are criminalized by the state. Based on unparalleled ethnographic access …